What role does the National Institutes of Health (NIH) play in public health?

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) plays a pivotal role in public health primarily by conducting and supporting medical research. This extensive research capability allows the NIH to advance knowledge in various health domains and to explore new treatments and preventive measures for diseases that impact public health. The NIH funds a wide range of research projects, supports clinical trials, and disseminates findings that can guide health policies and practices.

By focusing on advancing scientific knowledge, the NIH enables healthcare professionals and policymakers to make informed decisions based on the latest research, ultimately contributing to improved health outcomes for the public. Its efforts extend across diverse fields such as cancer, infectious diseases, and chronic illnesses, addressing pressing health challenges at a population level.

This foundational role in research differentiates the NIH from entities that may engage in regulation, oversight, or specific health focus areas, which are not part of the NIH's primary mission.